Saudi Arabia, officially known as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a land of deep spiritual heritage, rich traditions, and modern transformation. It is home to Islam’s two holiest cities—Makkah and Madinah— attracting millions of pilgrims each year for Hajj and Umrah.

Beyond its religious significance, Saudi Arabia offers mesmerizing deserts, lush oases, mountains, and the Red Sea coastline. From ancient Nabatean ruins in AlUla to the futuristic city of NEOM, the Kingdom beautifully blends its ancient roots with visionary modern development.

Facts

• Official Name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
• Capital: Riyadh
• Area: 2,149,690 square kilometres
• Total Population: Approximately 36 million
• Languages Spoken: Arabic (official), English widely understood
• Currency: Saudi Riyal (SAR)
• Religion: Islam (100%)

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Saudi Arabia is between **November and March**, when the weather is cool and pleasant, especially for exploring outdoor sites and performing Umrah.

Summers (June to August) can be extremely hot, especially in desert regions, but coastal cities like Jeddah remain moderate due to the Red Sea breeze.

During the **Hajj season**, millions of Muslims from around the world visit Makkah and Madinah, so advance planning and confirmed bookings are essential.

Geography

Saudi Arabia covers most of the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by the Red Sea to the west and the Arabian Gulf to the east. It consists mostly of desert landscapes like the Rub’ al Khali (Empty Quarter), one of the largest sand deserts in the world.

The western region, known as the Hejaz, is home to the holy cities of Makkah and Madinah. The Asir Mountains in the south are lush and green during the rainy season, offering a cool escape from the desert heat.

Saudi Arabia’s coastline along the Red Sea is famous for coral reefs, pristine beaches, and excellent diving spots, especially near Jeddah and the emerging tourism area of the Red Sea Project.

History

Saudi Arabia’s history is deeply connected with the origins of Islam. In the 7th century, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was born in Makkah, and Islam spread from this land to the world.

The modern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in **1932** by King Abdulaziz Al Saud, uniting the Arabian tribes under one nation. Since then, the Kingdom has become a global center for Islamic faith, energy resources, and cultural heritage.

Today, Saudi Arabia continues to modernize under Vision 2030, focusing on tourism, innovation, and cultural preservation while maintaining its Islamic identity.

People and Culture

Saudis are known for their hospitality, generosity, and deep-rooted traditions. The family unit is central to Saudi society, and guests are treated with the utmost respect and kindness.

Arabic coffee (qahwa) and dates are symbols of Saudi hospitality. Traditional dress—thobe for men and abaya for women—reflects modesty and cultural pride.

The culture is strongly influenced by Islamic values, Bedouin heritage, poetry, music, and dance forms like the Ardah. Modern Saudi Arabia also celebrates art, film, and entertainment through national festivals and cultural initiatives.

Holy Places

The most sacred sites in Islam are located in Saudi Arabia.

• Makkah: Home to the Holy Kaaba in Masjid al-Haram, the direction of prayer for Muslims worldwide and the destination for Hajj and Umrah.
• Madinah: The Prophet’s Mosque (Al-Masjid an-Nabawi) contains the resting place of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
• Mount Arafat: A central site of the Hajj pilgrimage, where pilgrims gather for supplication.
• Mina & Muzdalifah: Key locations for the rituals of Hajj.
• Jannat al-Baqi: The historic cemetery in Madinah where many companions of the Prophet are buried.

Natural Beauty

Beyond its deserts, Saudi Arabia offers diverse natural attractions. The Asir region features green mountains and cool weather, while AlUla showcases spectacular sandstone formations and ancient rock art.

The Red Sea coast is a paradise for divers and beach lovers, and the desert night skies are among the clearest in the world for stargazing.

Nature reserves like AlUla’s Sharaan and the Farasan Islands demonstrate the Kingdom’s growing commitment to eco-tourism and conservation.

Where to Stay in Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia offers world-class accommodation options. In Makkah and Madinah, pilgrims can find a range of hotels—from luxury towers overlooking the Haramain to affordable stays within walking distance.

In Riyadh and Jeddah, visitors will find modern hotels, resorts, and serviced apartments catering to both business and leisure travelers. New tourist destinations like AlUla and the Red Sea Project offer unique eco-luxury stays.

Getting There

Saudi Arabia is well connected by air, with major international airports in Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam. The Kingdom has introduced e-Visas and tourist visas for many countries, making travel easier.

Within the country, travelers can use high-speed trains between Makkah, Madinah, and Jeddah, or explore by car, bus, or domestic flights.

For pilgrims, several dedicated airlines and tour operators provide seamless Hajj and Umrah travel services year-round.